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Related Concept Videos

Guidelines for Writing Outcome01:11

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care evaluation by...
Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing01:23

Techniques of Therapeutic Communication II: Focusing, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

Focusing involves centering a conversation on a message's critical elements or concepts. Focusing is valuable if the talk is vague or patients begin to repeat themselves. Sometimes, when patients are asked about their symptoms, they may go off-topic and try to tell their entire life story. Respectfully, the nurse should bring the conversation back into focus.
This therapeutic technique can also be used when a patient brings up pertinent information during a health-related conversation. The...
Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care01:29

Chronic Pancreatitis II: Collaborative Care

The management of chronic pancreatitis is multifaceted, involving a comprehensive approach that includes thorough assessment, diagnostic testing, and a variety of management strategies.
Assessment:
Classification of Illness01:17

Classification of Illness

The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe and...
Longitudinal Studies01:26

Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal studies are also widely used in other medical and social science fields. For instance, in cardiovascular research, they can monitor patients' health over decades to identify risk factors for heart disease, such as high cholesterol or smoking, and evaluate the long-term effectiveness of preventive measures. Similarly, in mental health studies, researchers might follow individuals from adolescence into adulthood to understand the development and progression of conditions like...
Longitudinal Research02:20

Longitudinal Research

Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...

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Related Experiment Videos

Long-term outcomes: what should the focus be?

Judy L Aschner1, Michele C Walsh

  • 1Department of Pediatrics and The Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-9544, USA. judy.aschner@vanderbilt.edu

Clinics in Perinatology
|March 31, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Future neonatal clinical trials need to focus on long-term infant outcomes. Designing trials requires addressing challenges like outcome definitions and center variability to ensure both safety and efficacy.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal clinical trials
  • Pediatric research methodology
  • Long-term infant health outcomes

Background:

  • Historical neonatal intervention trials predominantly assessed short-term results.
  • Current research acknowledges the significance of long-term outcomes but often lacks adequate statistical power.
  • This gap necessitates a re-evaluation of trial design and outcome assessment in neonatology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review critical, clinically relevant outcomes for future neonatal trials.
  • To identify significant challenges impeding the successful execution of these trials.
  • To advocate for trial designs that balance the assessment of potential benefits against risks.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of neonatal intervention trials.
  • Analysis of current trends and limitations in trial design.
  • Discussion of challenges in defining and measuring long-term outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Future trials must prioritize and be powered for long-term outcome assessment.
  • Key challenges include establishing consensus on validated, objective outcome definitions.
  • Variability in center populations and practices requires careful consideration and standardization.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for robust, long-term outcome data in neonatal research.
  • Addressing methodological challenges is essential for advancing neonatal care.
  • Future trials must be designed to comprehensively evaluate both benefits and potential harms.