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Decolorization of textile dye effluent by genetically improved bacterial strains
M Sukumar1, A Sivasamy, G Swaminathan
1Chemical Engineering Division, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai-20, India.
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|April 10, 2007
Summary
Bacillus sp. 2 effectively decolorized synthetic textile dyes in industrial wastewater. This bacterial treatment reduced pollutants, improving water quality and mitigating environmental toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Microbiology
- Bioremediation
- Industrial Biotechnology
Background:
- Synthetic dyes in textile effluents cause significant environmental pollution.
- Dye discharge reduces sunlight penetration, inhibiting aquatic photosynthesis and dissolved oxygen.
- Wastewater contamination poses toxicity risks to aquatic ecosystems and living organisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the efficacy of bacterial isolates for decolorizing synthetic dye effluent.
- To optimize bacterial growth and biomass for enhanced dye decolorization.
- To assess the impact of bacterial treatment on key water quality parameters.
Main Methods:
- Optimization of bacterial growth and biomass production for Bacillus sp. 1 and Bacillus sp. 2.
- Application of bacterial isolates at varying volume percentages in dye effluent.
- Monitoring of color reduction and changes in physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS).
Main Results:
- Bacillus sp. 2 demonstrated superior color reduction capabilities compared to Bacillus sp. 1.
- Decolorized effluent showed significant reductions in pH and electrical conductivity (EC).
- Biologic oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and total dissolved solids (TDS) were notably decreased.
Conclusions:
- Bacterial decolorization using Bacillus sp. 2 is a viable method for treating synthetic dye effluent.
- The treatment process effectively removes color and reduces critical pollutant parameters.
- This bioremediation approach offers a sustainable solution for textile industry wastewater management.
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