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Splanchnic artery aneurysms.

Shabana F Pasha1, Peter Gloviczki, Anthony W Stanson

  • 1Division of General Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|April 10, 2007
PubMed
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Splanchnic artery aneurysms are common and potentially life-threatening, often found incidentally. Early diagnosis and consideration of treatment are crucial, especially for symptomatic or growing aneurysms.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Abdominal Imaging

Background:

  • Splanchnic artery aneurysms (SAAs) may be more prevalent than abdominal aortic aneurysms.
  • Rupture of SAAs occurs in up to 25% of cases, with a high mortality rate (25-70%).
  • Limited knowledge exists regarding the natural history and clinical presentation of SAAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of splanchnic artery aneurysms.
  • To highlight the importance of recognizing SAAs due to their potential for rupture and associated mortality.
  • To provide guidance on when to consider treatment for SAAs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of autopsy studies and clinical literature on splanchnic artery aneurysms.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and imaging findings.
  • Discussion of current treatment strategies, including surgical and interventional radiology options.

    • Main Results:

    • Splenic artery aneurysms are the most common type of SAA; multiple aneurysms are found in about one-third of patients.
    • Hepatic artery pseudoaneurysms are more frequent than true aneurysms due to interventional procedures.
    • Most SAAs are asymptomatic and incidentally discovered on imaging studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Diagnosis of SAA should be suspected in patients with abdominal pain, pulsatile mass, bruit, or bleeding.
    • Treatment should be considered for symptomatic SAAs, those >2 cm, in pregnant patients, or with demonstrated growth.
    • Prompt recognition and appropriate management are essential for improving outcomes in SAA patients.