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Validating the diagnosis of sensory processing disorders using EEG technology.

Patricia L Davies1, William J Gavin

  • 1Department of Occupational Therapy, 219 Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. pdavies@lamar.colostate.edu

The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
|April 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Children with sensory processing disorders (SPD) show distinct brain activity patterns, specifically reduced sensory gating, compared to typically developing peers. This research validates SPD as a neurological condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Sensory integration theory posits a link between brain function and sensory processing disorder (SPD) behaviors.
  • Understanding these neural underpinnings is crucial for validating SPD diagnoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between brain activity and behavioral manifestations in children with SPD.
  • To determine if electroencephalographic measures can differentiate children with SPD from typically developing children.

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was employed to assess brain processing in 28 children with SPD and 25 typically developing children (ages 5-12).
  • Sensory gating, a measure of neural processing efficiency, was analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Children with SPD exhibited significantly reduced sensory gating compared to controls.
  • Brain activity patterns distinguished between children with SPD and typically developing children with 86% accuracy.
  • A correlation between sensory gating and age was observed in typically developing children, but not in those with SPD.

Conclusions:

  • Empirical evidence supports that children with SPD possess unique brain processing mechanisms.
  • These findings enhance the external validity of the SPD diagnosis.
  • EEG measures offer a potential objective biomarker for identifying SPD.