Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Archimedes-Based Glycerol Displacement for Electrode Porosity Measurement in Lead-Acid Batteries
Published on: April 7, 2026
Early pacemaker battery depletion caused by a current leak in the output circuitry: rectification not exchange
Markus Roos1, Richard Kobza, Paul Erne
1Division of Cardiology, Kantonsspital Luzern, Luzern, Switzerland.
Abstract:
Malfunction of a dual chamber system pacemaker due to a current leak in the output circuitry leading to a rapid decline in battery longevity is described. Serial pulse amplitude alterations in defined device configurations enabled location of the defect in the 2.5-V output voltage level; the current leak disappeared in the 5-V output voltage level, and recurred in the 7.5-V output voltage level which combines both 2.5-V and 5-V output circuitries. Reprogramming of pulse amplitudes rectified device malfunction. Circuitry reprogramming of pacemakers with faulty unexplained high battery current can circumvent early replacement in management of device malfunction.
Related Concept Videos
Resting Potential Decay
At rest, the K+ is the main ion that moves across the membrane through...
Resting Potential Decay
At rest, the K+ is the main ion that moves across the membrane through...
Half wave rectifier
DC Battery
Clamper Circuit
Within this circuit, the diode's orientation prompts the capacitor to charge up to the level of the most negative peak of the input signal. Upon reaching this state, the diode ceases to conduct,...
Bridge rectifier
Operationally, the bridge rectifier allows current flow through two of its diodes during each...

