Training effects on speech production using a hands-free electromyographically controlled electrolarynx.

Area of Science:

• Speech-language pathology
• Biomedical engineering
• Rehabilitation technology

Background:

• Electrolarynx (EL) devices aid alaryngeal speech but require manual operation and offer limited vocal modulation.
• Existing EL technology typically produces a constant fundamental frequency, hindering natural speech intonation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of an electromyographically controlled electrolarynx (EMG-EL) for hands-free speech.
• To assess the potential for dynamic pitch modulation using the EMG-EL device.

Main Methods:

• A multiple-baseline, successive-stage training protocol was employed.
• Three participants post-total laryngectomy and four vocally normal individuals were trained.
• Baseline performance was established, followed by intensive, multiple-hour training sessions.

Main Results:

• All participants successfully learned to control EMG-EL activation synchronized with articulation.
• Most participants achieved pitch modulation capabilities for producing intonational contrasts.
• One laryngectomy participant demonstrated sustained independent EMG-EL use and successful phone communication over six weeks.

Conclusions:

• Individuals with laryngectomies and vocally normal participants can acquire hands-free EMG-EL speech within hours.
• Further training can lead to significant improvements in EMG-EL control, especially pitch modulation.
• EMG-EL technology shows promise for enhancing communication for individuals with alaryngeal speech needs.