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Updated: Jul 15, 2026
09:04
Measurement of T Cell Alloreactivity Using Imaging Flow Cytometry
Published on: April 19, 2017
Allorecognition and the alloresponse: clinical implications.
B Afzali1, R I Lechler, M P Hernandez-Fuentes
1Department of Nephrology and Transplantation, King's College London, Guy's Hospital Campus, London, UK.
Tissue Antigens
|May 15, 2007
Summary
Graft rejection is an adaptive immune response mediated by T lymphocytes recognizing foreign cells, primarily via major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Understanding these recognition pathways and antigens is key to developing effective immunotherapies.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Transplantation Science
Background:
- Cell and tissue transplantation between genetically diverse individuals triggers adaptive immune responses.
- T lymphocytes are central to this response, recognizing foreign antigens on transplanted cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the mechanisms of immune recognition in transplantation.
- To outline the antigens involved in graft rejection.
- To discuss special cases like pregnancy and bone marrow transplantation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on immune recognition pathways in transplantation.
- Analysis of antigen recognition sets, including MHC, MIC, minor histocompatibility antigens, and NK cell receptor ligands.
- Discussion of effector responses leading to rejection and unique scenarios.
Main Results:
- Three recognition pathways (direct, indirect, semi-direct) are identified.
- Key antigens involved include MHC molecules, MIC system, minor histocompatibility antigens, and NK cell receptor ligands.
- Effector responses result in hyperacute, acute, and chronic rejection.
Conclusions:
- Improved understanding of immune recognition processes enhances the development of clinical immunotherapies.
- Special considerations are necessary for pregnancy and bone marrow transplantation due to distinct immune dynamics.
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