Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage (Tropism) by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach
07:06

Prediction of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage (Tropism) by Sequence Analysis using a Genotypic Approach

Published on: December 1, 2011

[The molecular epidemiological aspects of hiv-infection spreading in Perm region]

I V Fel'dblium, S Ia Zverev, A V Ostapovich

    Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii I Immunobiologii
    |May 26, 2007
    PubMed

    Insights

    The HIV epidemic in the Perm region evolved over three periods, marked by shifts in viral subtypes and transmission routes. Subtype A predominated, with increasing genetic diversity observed later in the study.

    Area of Science:

    • Epidemiology
    • Virology
    • Genetics

    Context:

    • The Perm region has documented Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections since 1988.
    • Understanding the dynamics of HIV spread and genetic characteristics is crucial for public health interventions.

    Purpose:

    • To analyze the epidemiological trends of HIV infection in the Perm region from 1988 to 2005.
    • To genetically characterize the circulating Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes during this period.

    Summary:

    • The study identified three distinct periods in the Perm region's HIV epidemic.
    • Early stages (1988-1996) showed low intensity with diverse HIV-1 subtypes and multiple transmission routes.
    • Later periods (1997-2005) were characterized by the predominance of HIV-1 subtype A, initially concentrated in injection drug users, with increasing heterosexual transmission and genetic variability in env and pol genes.

    Impact:

    • Reveals the evolving nature of HIV epidemics, influenced by viral genetics and transmission patterns.
    • Provides insights into the long-term spread of specific HIV-1 subtypes.
    • Informs targeted public health strategies for HIV prevention and control in the region.

    More Related Videos

    Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays13:58

    Amplifying and Quantifying HIV-1 RNA in HIV Infected Individuals with Viral Loads Below the Limit of Detection by Standard Clinical Assays

    Published on: September 26, 2011

    Related Concept Videos

    Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

    Sexually Transmitted Infections

    Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
    Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

    Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

    Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
    Amebiasis01:28

    Amebiasis

    Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
    Genital Herpes01:23

    Genital Herpes

    Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
    Transmission of Pathogens01:24

    Transmission of Pathogens

    Pathogens spread from their reservoirs to susceptible hosts through three main routes: contact transmission, vehicle transmission, and vector transmission. Each route involves distinct mechanisms of transfer.Contact TransmissionThis category includes direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet transmission:Direct contact involves immediate physical interaction between individuals—such as a handshake—which can spread pathogens like Streptococcus pyogenes, the bacterium responsible for...
    Infection01:20

    Infection

    When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
    The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...