Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Dosimetry for Cell Irradiation using Orthovoltage (40-300 kV) X-Ray Facilities
Published on: February 20, 2021
Diagnostic radiology in Norway trends in examination frequency and collective effective dose
Ingelin Børretzen1, Kristin Bakke Lysdahl, Hilde Merete Olerud
1Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, Oslo, Norway. Ingelin.Borretzen@rickshospitalet.no
Abstract:
The objective of the present work was to determine current levels and recent nationwide trends in radiological examination frequency, as well as to update corresponding collective effective dose estimates. Examination frequencies were obtained from radiology management systems at all hospitals and private radiology enterprises across Norway in terms of number of examination codes. During the last decade, the overall examination frequency increased by 16% to 910 per 1000 inhabitants, excluding nuclear imaging and dental radiology. The largest increase in examination frequency occurred in MRI (10-fold increase), followed by CT (more than doubling) and mammography (nearly 70% increase). The contribution to collective effective dose from radiological examinations was estimated to 4960 man Sv or 1.09 mSv per inhabitant; representing a 40% increase from 1993 to 2002. CT contribution to collective effective dose was estimated to account for 59% of the total as opposed to 30% in the previous survey.
Related Concept Videos
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
Biological Effects of Radiation
Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy
Fundamental Principles of PET
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...

