Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026
06:19
Intracameral Injection in Rats with Low Risk of Adverse Effects
Published on: May 31, 2024
Topical anesthesia: possible risk factor for endophthalmitis after cataract extraction
Jose Garcia-Arumi1, Alex Fonollosa, Laura Sararols
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Valle d'Hebrón, Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Paseo Valle de Hebrón 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
|May 29, 2007
Summary
Topical anesthesia and longer cataract surgery increase endophthalmitis risk. Modifying these factors may help reduce post-operative infection rates after cataract extraction.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Acute endophthalmitis is a severe complication following cataract surgery.
- Identifying modifiable risk factors is crucial for preventing post-operative infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between risk factors and acute endophthalmitis after cataract extraction.
- To determine if surgeon qualification, surgery duration, or anesthesia type influence endophthalmitis risk.
Main Methods:
- A single-center academic practice conducted two epidemiological studies: a case-control and a retrospective cohort study.
- Surgical records of 5011 cataract extractions were reviewed for endophthalmitis cases within 30 days.
- Endophthalmitis cases were compared to 108 randomly selected controls.
Main Results:
- The incidence of endophthalmitis was 5.39 per 1000 procedures.
- Topical anesthesia (odds ratio [OR], 11.8) and surgery longer than 45 minutes (OR, 7.2) were significantly associated with increased endophthalmitis risk.
- Incidence rates were higher with topical anesthesia (6.76 per 1000) compared to retrobulbar anesthesia (1.8 per 1000).
Conclusions:
- Findings suggest a significant association between topical anesthesia and the risk of endophthalmitis post-cataract extraction.
- Surgery duration exceeding 45 minutes is also a risk factor for endophthalmitis.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:23Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications
Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
01:28Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
01:22Microbiome of the Eye
The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
01:12Local Anesthetics: Adverse Effects
While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
Once absorbed into the systemic circulation, local anesthetics can affect the organs that depend on the functioning of sodium...
01:27Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...