Training and maintaining memory abilities in healthy older adults: traditional and novel approaches

This article reviews both traditional and novel approaches for training and maintaining memory abilities in older adults. Despite variations in training methods and participant samples, growing evidence suggests that healthy, nondemented elders can improve and maintain their memory skills. However, traditional approaches have not been as successful in demonstrating transfer of training, and there are constraints on widescale dissemination of trainer-led, group-based formats. We discuss novel platforms, including collaborative training, videotapes and audiotapes, and online and CD-ROM-based training. We also consider approaches that combine multiple training modalities and that embed memory enhancement within cognitively stimulating activities of everyday life, such as Experience Corps. These newer approaches may enhance the accessibility, affordability, and applicability of memory training and cognitive stimulation programs.