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[Brain functions in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder combined and inattentive subtypes: A resting-state
Qing-jiu Cao1, Yu-feng Zang, Yu-feng Wang
1Institute of Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
Insights
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) revealed abnormal brain function in both Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) subtypes. However, no significant differences in brain function were observed between the predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) and combined (ADHD-C) subtypes.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Medical Imaging
Context:
- Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder.
- ADHD presents with distinct subtypes, including predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) and combined (ADHD-C).
- Understanding subtype-specific neural underpinnings is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose:
- To investigate functional brain differences between ADHD-I and ADHD-C subtypes during resting state using fMRI.
- To compare resting-state brain activity patterns between ADHD subtypes and neurotypical controls.
Summary:
- A regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis of resting-state fMRI data was conducted on boys with ADHD-C, ADHD-I, and normal controls.
- Significant differences in brain activity were observed between ADHD subtypes and controls, particularly in frontal, temporal, and occipital regions.
- No significant differences in resting-state brain activity were found between the ADHD-C and ADHD-I subtypes.
Impact:
- This study highlights shared neural abnormalities in ADHD subtypes despite distinct clinical presentations.
- Findings suggest that current resting-state fMRI measures may not differentiate between ADHD subtypes.
- Further research is needed to identify more specific neuroimaging markers for ADHD subtypes.
Objective:
To study the differences of brain functions between children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I) and combined (ADHD-C) subtypes in resting state using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
Methods:
A newly reported regional homogeneity (ReHo) approach was used to analyze blood oxygen level-dependent fMRI (BOLD-fMRI) data in resting state among 6 ADHDj C, 9 ADHD-I and 15 normal control boys.
Results:
The brain regions showing differences among the three groups included bilateral frontal lobe, right cuneus and right inferior temporal gyrus. Compared with the normal controls, ADHD-C showed decreased ReHo in left frontal lobe and right inferior temporal gyrus, ADHD-I showed decreased ReHo in bilateral frontal and temporal lobe and right cerebellum and increased ReHo in bilateral occipital lobe and right inferior parietal gyrus. There were no brain regions showing different ReHo between ADHD-C and ADHD-I.
Conclusion:
Although both ADHD-C and ADHD-I showed abnormal neural activity in resting state compared with the normal controls, there were no differences for brain functions in resting state between ADHD-C and ADHD-I.
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