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Pervasive developmental disorders and criminal behaviour: a case control study
Svend Erik Mouridsen1, Bente Rich, Torben Isager
1Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. sem01@bbh.hosp.dk
Summary
Individuals with pervasive developmental disorders, particularly Asperger's syndrome, showed varying rates of criminal behavior compared to the general population. Arson was notably higher in those with Asperger's syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Criminology
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Pervasive developmental disorders (PDDs) encompass a range of neurodevelopmental conditions.
- Understanding the long-term outcomes of individuals with PDDs, including criminal behavior, is crucial for public safety and support services.
- Previous research has indicated potential links between certain neurodevelopmental disorders and antisocial behaviors, but specific patterns require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and patterns of criminal behavior among adults with a history of childhood pervasive developmental disorders.
- To compare criminal conviction rates in subgroups of PDDs (childhood autism, atypical autism, Asperger's syndrome) with matched general population controls.
- To examine specific types of criminal behavior, such as arson, within these groups.
Main Methods:
- A cohort study design was employed, analyzing data from 313 former child psychiatric in-patients diagnosed with PDDs.
- Criminal records were obtained from the nationwide Danish Register of Criminality for both the patient group and 933 matched controls.
- Statistical analysis compared conviction rates across PDD subgroups and controls, with a specific focus on arson in Asperger's syndrome.
Main Results:
- Overall conviction rates varied among PDD subgroups: childhood autism (0.9%), atypical autism (8.1%), and Asperger's syndrome (18.4%).
- Conviction rates in matched general population controls were 18.9%, 14.7%, and 19.6% for corresponding comparison groups.
- A statistically significant higher prevalence of arson convictions was observed in individuals with Asperger's syndrome (p=0.0009).
Conclusions:
- Adults with Asperger's syndrome exhibit a higher rate of criminal convictions compared to childhood autism and atypical autism, approaching general population rates.
- The elevated incidence of arson among individuals with Asperger's syndrome warrants further clinical attention and targeted interventions.
- This study highlights the importance of considering specific PDD diagnoses when assessing the risk and patterns of criminal behavior in affected individuals.
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