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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
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Related Experiment Video

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Measuring Frailty in HIV-infected Individuals. Identification of Frail Patients is the First Step to Amelioration and Reversal of Frailty
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Risk for low weight in community-dwelling, older adults.

Carolyn T Martin1, Jeanie Kayser-Jones, Nancy A Stotts

  • 1Nursing Department, California State University, Stanislaus, Turlock, CA 95382, USA. cmartin2@csustan.edu

Clinical Nurse Specialist CNS
|July 12, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study found that elderly individuals experiencing illness, unintentional weight loss, or needing travel assistance are at high risk for being underweight. Early nutritional assessment is crucial to prevent malnutrition and maintain quality of life in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Community-dwelling elderly populations are susceptible to nutritional risk.
  • Low body weight in older adults can indicate underlying health issues.
  • Maintaining adequate nutrition is vital for quality of life in aging individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify nutritional risk factors in community-dwelling elderly.
  • To describe the prevalence of low weight among older adults.
  • To inform early intervention strategies for malnutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional exploratory study design.
  • In-depth interviews with older adults (body mass index <24 kg/m).
  • Assessment of depression, mental state, nutrition, and demographics.

Main Results:

  • 130 elderly participants, predominantly female (55%) and white (84%).
  • Significant predictors of being severely underweight included illness affecting food intake, 10 lb unintentional weight loss in 6 months, and needing travel assistance.
  • Multivariate logistic regression identified key risk indicators.

Conclusions:

  • High nutritional risk identified in the study population.
  • Early assessment and intervention are recommended to prevent malnutrition.
  • Proactive management can improve quality of life for at-risk elderly individuals.