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Related Experiment Videos

The generation effect in monkeys.

Nate Kornell1, Herbert S Terrace

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA. nkornell@psych.ucla.edu

Psychological Science
|August 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Active learning, or the generation effect, enhances memory retention. Monkeys trained to recall information without hints showed better long-term learning than those who received hints during training.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • Learning and memory are influenced by the level of active processing during acquisition.
  • The generation effect demonstrates that actively retrieving information enhances learning compared to passive observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and impact of the generation effect in non-human primates.
  • To compare the long-term memory retention of monkeys trained with and without retrieval cues.

Main Methods:

  • Monkeys were trained on ordered lists of photographs.
  • One group received 'hints' to guide their responses.
  • Another group had to generate the correct sequence from memory without hints.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Hint-trained monkeys showed high initial performance but poor retention after hint removal.
  • Monkeys trained without hints had lower initial performance but demonstrated steady improvement and high retention.
  • This indicates a stronger, more durable learning in the absence of external cues.

    • Conclusions:

    • The generation effect is observable in monkeys, supporting its cross-species relevance.
    • Active memory retrieval, even if initially slower, leads to more robust and lasting learning compared to cued learning.