[Carbohydrate exchange in patients with acute coronary syndrome]

Blood sugar measurement may be important for determining therapeutic tactics in patients in urgent pathological conditions. The role of hyperglycemia in the development of acute myocardial ischemia is under constant study, because the risk of death from myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is twice higher than in those who do not suffer from DM. Having studied literature data, presented in the article, the authors report preliminary results of their work. Carbohydrate exchange disturbances are found almost in a half (49.1%) of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). In patients with substantial and severe ACS manifestations that were considered to be those of acute myocardial infarction (MI) with ST interval elevation, as well as in patients with a repeated MI, carbohydrate exchange disorder was revealed in 65% and 77% of cases. In 30% of patients with a repeated MI, and in 14% of patients with MI with ST interval elevation, hyperglycemia was transient and disappeared on its own. Evaluation of this group of patients revealed type 2 DM in 44% of cases, which once more confirmed the information that DM patients were more liable to atherothrombosis. In half of the patients DM was newly revealed. This can be explained by the fact that a stressful situation urged revealing of the disease, which otherwise could be concealed. Data that suggest a higher hyperglycemia level in patients who finally could not be saved are of certain importance.