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RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

RNA Splicing

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...

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A Computational Pipeline for Intergenic/Intragenic Enhancer RNA Quantification in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

A Computational Pipeline for Intergenic/Intragenic Enhancer RNA Quantification in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: October 28, 2025

Downstream intronic splicing enhancers.

Julian P Venables¹

¹Laboratoire de Génomique Fonctionnelle de l'Université de Sherbrooke, Centre de Développement des Biotechnologies (CDB) de Sherbrooke 3201, Rue Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada. julian.venables@usherbrooke.ca

|August 25, 2007

Summary

Alternative splicing generates protein diversity, often by omitting exons. This review explores intronic splicing enhancers and RNA-binding proteins that regulate this process by promoting spliceosome assembly on upstream exons.

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A Computational Pipeline for Intergenic/Intragenic Enhancer RNA Quantification in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells

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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes

Published on: April 22, 2021

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

Alternative splicing is a key mechanism for generating proteomic diversity from a limited number of genes.
Exon skipping, specifically the omission of cassette exons, is a common form of alternative splicing.
Mutations affecting splicing regulation are often located deep within introns, particularly downstream of alternative exons.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the role of intronic splicing enhancers (ISEs) in alternative splicing.
To summarize the function of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that interact with ISEs.
To explain how ISEs and RBPs facilitate spliceosome assembly on upstream exons, leading to exon skipping.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on alternative splicing, exon skipping, intronic splicing enhancers, and RNA-binding proteins.
Analysis of mechanisms by which intronic elements influence splice site recognition.
Synthesis of current knowledge on RBP-ISE interactions and their impact on spliceosome dynamics.

Main Results:

Intronic sequences, particularly downstream of cassette exons, can harbor potent splicing enhancers.
Specific RNA-binding proteins recognize and bind to these intronic splicing enhancers.
This binding event promotes the recruitment of spliceosomal components to the upstream exon, favoring its inclusion or exclusion depending on context, but often leading to exon omission.

Conclusions:

Intronic splicing enhancers and their associated RNA-binding proteins are critical regulators of alternative splicing, particularly exon omission.
Understanding these regulatory elements provides insights into gene expression control and the molecular basis of splicing-related diseases.
Targeting these intronic elements offers potential therapeutic strategies for modulating alternative splicing patterns.