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Speech disorders in systemic amyloidosis.

E I Burroughs1, A E Aronson, J R Duffy

  • 1Section of Speech Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester.

The British Journal of Disorders of Communication
|August 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Systemic amyloidosis frequently causes speech disorders, particularly affecting voice quality and pitch. Laryngeal examinations revealed vocal fold abnormalities, but direct amyloid deposits were not consistently found.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Systemic amyloidosis is a rare disease characterized by amyloid protein deposition in various organs.
  • Speech and voice disorders can be manifestations of systemic amyloidosis, but their prevalence and specific characteristics require further definition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively characterize the spectrum of speech and voice disorders associated with primary systemic amyloidosis.
  • To investigate the laryngeal findings in patients with systemic amyloidosis and their correlation with speech abnormalities.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 59 patients with histologically confirmed primary systemic amyloidosis was evaluated.
  • Speech and voice parameters, including quality, pitch, resonance, and articulation, were assessed.

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  • Laryngeal examinations were performed on a subset of patients to identify structural abnormalities.

    • Main Results:

    • Abnormal voice quality was observed in 81% of patients, and abnormal pitch in 43%.
    • Laryngeal examination revealed vocal fold abnormalities such as bowing, edema, and thickening in 22 patients.
    • Macroglossia and submandibular swelling were present in 17% and 10% of patients, respectively.

    Conclusions:

    • Abnormal phonation and voice quality are common signs of systemic amyloidosis.
    • While laryngeal changes are frequent, direct evidence of amyloid deposits in the vocal folds was not consistently documented.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms linking amyloidosis to dysphonia.