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[Lipid profile in untreated HIV positive patients. HIV infection: cardiovascular risk factor?]

B Baza Caraciolo1, C Pérez de Oteyza, D Carrió Montiel

  • 1Centro Sanitario Sandoval, IMSALUD Area 7 de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. begobaza@gmail.com

Anales De Medicina Interna (Madrid, Spain : 1984)
|September 18, 2007
PubMed

Insights

HIV infection significantly alters lipid profiles, lowering HDL and ApoA1 levels, which increases cardiovascular risk (CVR) in untreated patients compared to HIV- individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • HIV infection is increasingly linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD).
  • Understanding lipid profile changes in untreated HIV+ patients is crucial for assessing cardiovascular risk (CVR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the lipid profile of untreated HIV+ individuals.
  • To compare lipid profiles between HIV+ and HIV- subjects.
  • To determine the influence of lipid abnormalities on CVR estimation in HIV+ patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of lipid profiles (Total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, apolipoproteins) in 251 untreated HIV+ and 156 HIV- homosexual males.
  • Calculation of atherogenic rates (CHOL/HDL, LDL/HDL, log(TG/HDL)).
  • Classification of HIV+ patients based on CD4 lymphocyte counts.

Main Results:

  • HIV+ patients exhibited lower Total Cholesterol (CHOL), HDL-cholesterol (HDL), and Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) levels compared to HIV- subjects.
  • Elevated CVR rates were observed in HIV+ patients.
  • A significant proportion (76%) of HIV+ patients had low HDL levels (<40 mg/dL) versus 31% in the HIV- group.

Conclusions:

  • Untreated HIV infection leads to distinct lipid profile alterations, including reduced HDL and ApoA1, persisting across all CD4 levels.
  • Decreased HDL levels in HIV-infected individuals significantly elevate overall CVR, independent of other risk factors.
Abstract

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