Ten-year predicted coronary heart disease risk in HIV-infected men and women

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Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies
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Humanized NOD/SCID/IL2rγnull (hu-NSG) Mouse Model for HIV Replication and Latency Studies

Published on: January 7, 2019

Robert C Kaplan1, Lawrence A Kingsley, A Richey Sharrett

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA. rkaplan@aecom.yu.edu

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|September 21, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may impact coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in HIV patients. Overweight individuals and those with low income face higher CHD risk, necessitating targeted screening.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is a standard treatment for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
  • Traditional vascular risk factors are known contributors to coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • The combined impact of HAART and traditional risk factors on CHD risk in HIV-infected individuals requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the predicted risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults.
  • To identify factors associated with increased CHD risk among HIV-infected individuals.
  • To assess the association between HAART regimens and CHD risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected adults (men and women) was studied.
  • Predicted CHD risk was calculated using established risk factors: age, sex, lipid levels, blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking status.
  • Associations between HAART use (including specific regimens), body mass index (BMI), income level, and CHD risk were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • A significant proportion of HIV-infected men (17%) and women (12%) had high predicted CHD risk.
  • Compared to protease inhibitor-based HAART, HAART-naive individuals had significantly lower odds of moderate-to-high CHD risk (OR, 0.57).
  • Elevated BMI and low income (<$10,000 annually) were independently associated with increased predicted CHD risk.

Conclusions:

  • In HIV-infected adults, overweight status and low income are significant predictors of increased CHD risk, independent of antiretroviral drug exposure.
  • These findings highlight the need for targeted vascular risk factor screening in HIV-infected individuals with these characteristics.
  • Further research may explore the mechanisms linking HAART, metabolic changes, and cardiovascular outcomes in HIV.
Abstract

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