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Disseminated acanthamoeba infection in a renal transplant recipient: a case report

Deepti Mutreja1, Yashpal Jalpota, Renu Madan

  • 1Department of Pathology Command Hospital Air Force, Bangalore. deeptimutreja@yahoo.com

Indian Journal of Pathology & Microbiology
|September 22, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Disseminated Acanthamoeba infection occurred in a renal transplant recipient. Autopsy revealed Acanthamoeba in the central nervous system, lungs, and pancreas, highlighting risks in immunocompromised patients.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Acanthamoeba species are free-living amoebae causing serious infections like granulomatous meningoencephalitis and amoebic keratitis.
  • Immunocompromised individuals, especially organ transplant recipients, are highly susceptible to disseminated Acanthamoeba infections.

Observation:

  • This report details autopsy findings of a 36-year-old female renal transplant recipient on immunosuppressants for four years.
  • The patient presented with disseminated Acanthamoeba infection, a rare but severe complication.

Findings:

  • Autopsy revealed chronic granulomatous meningoencephalitis in the central nervous system, characterized by perivascular infiltration of Acanthamoeba cysts, trophozoites, and inflammatory cells.
  • Significant Acanthamoeba infiltration was also observed in the patient's lungs and pancreas.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for severe, disseminated Acanthamoeba infections in immunosuppressed populations.
  • Highlights the importance of considering Acanthamoeba in the differential diagnosis of infections in transplant recipients.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilance and potentially novel diagnostic or therapeutic strategies for Acanthamoeba infections in immunocompromised hosts.

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