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Updated: Jul 23, 2026

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation

Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation

Published on: October 20, 2016

Fourier coefficient description of left ventricular shape.

W H Round¹, R H Bates, H Ikram

¹University of Waikato, Hamilton, NZ.

Australasian Physical & Engineering Sciences in Medicine

|December 1, 1991

Summary

A new method quantifies left ventricle shape using Fourier series coefficients from echocardiograms. A specific coefficient (alpha 2) shows promise for detecting apical abnormalities, especially with exercise, but requires averaging data from multiple scans for reliability.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Medical Imaging
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Accurate quantification of left ventricle (LV) shape is crucial for diagnosing cardiac abnormalities.
Traditional methods may lack precision or require complex analysis.
2D echocardiography is a widely used, non-invasive imaging modality for cardiac assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel method for quantifying left ventricle shape using Fourier series coefficients.
To assess the potential of these coefficients in classifying subjects with and without apical abnormalities.
To evaluate the impact of exercise on shape parameters and the reliability of measurements.

Main Methods:

A fifth-order trigonometric Fourier series was employed to describe LV shape from 2D echocardiograms.
Eleven Fourier coefficients were reduced to six clinically applicable coefficients (alpha 0 to alpha 5).
A trial was conducted to differentiate normal ventricles from those with apical abnormalities, including during exercise.

Main Results:

The coefficient alpha 2 was significantly higher in subjects with apical abnormalities compared to normal subjects.
This difference in alpha 2 increased with exercise, aligning with expectations.
Reliable estimation of alpha 2 from a single echocardiogram scan proved challenging, suggesting the need for data averaging.

Conclusions:

The Fourier series-based method offers a quantitative approach to LV shape analysis in echocardiography.
The alpha 2 coefficient shows potential for detecting apical abnormalities, particularly under stress conditions.
Averaging data from multiple scans is likely necessary to achieve reliable alpha 2 values for individual patient assessment.