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Related Experiment Videos

TNFalpha: a trigger of autonomic dysfunction.

Gerlinda E Hermann1, Richard C Rogers

  • 1Laboratory of Autonomic Neurosciences, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA. HermanGE@pbrc.edu

The Neuroscientist : a Review Journal Bringing Neurobiology, Neurology and Psychiatry
|October 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) disrupts gut control by affecting brainstem circuits, causing gastric stasis. It amplifies vagal signals, disrupting autonomic functions during illness.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cytokines like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) induce sickness behaviors during disease, infection, or trauma.
  • TNF alpha is known to cause symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and gastric stasis.
  • The precise neural mechanisms by which TNF alpha affects the gastrointestinal system are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of TNF alpha in inducing gastric stasis.
  • To elucidate the neural pathways and mechanisms through which TNF alpha influences vago-vagal reflex circuits in the brainstem.

Main Methods:

  • Focused on the vago-vagal reflex circuits in the brainstem.
  • Examined the activation of sensory elements (nucleus of the solitary tract and area postrema) by TNF alpha.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigated the modulation of glutamate release from vagal afferents and its effect on vagal afferent responsiveness.

    • Main Results:

    • TNF alpha activates sensory components of the vago-vagal reflex, including the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST) and area postrema.
    • TNF alpha presynaptically modulates glutamate release from primary vagal afferents to the NST.
    • TNF alpha amplifies vagal afferent responsiveness by sensitizing presynaptic intracellular calcium-release mechanisms.

    Conclusions:

    • TNF alpha profoundly induces gastric stasis by acting on brainstem vago-vagal reflex circuits.
    • The presence of TNF alpha receptors on vagal afferents and their signal amplification properties contribute to the disruption of autonomic gut control.
    • These findings provide a neural basis for how TNF alpha disrupts autonomic control of the gut during illness.