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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management01:27

Mitral Stenosis IV: Nursing Management

A comprehensive nursing assessment is essential for patients with valvular heart disease, which involves any dysfunction of the heart valves that could impact blood flow and overall heart function.Subjective Data Collection:Chief Complaint and Present Illness: Start with the patient's primary concerns, focusing on the onset, duration, and progression of cardiac symptoms such as dyspnea, fatigue, chest pain, and palpitations.Past Medical History: Collect detailed information on any previous...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat
04:30

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

Published on: February 4, 2021

Circulating CD4+CD25+ T cells in rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Ali Yildiz1, Ozcan Ozeke, Dursun Aras

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. ghcayildiz@yahoo.com

The Journal of Heart Valve Disease
|October 20, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Patients with mitral stenosis have lower levels of regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells, suggesting a role for cellular autoimmunity in rheumatic heart disease. This finding may indicate a smoldering rheumatic process in these patients.

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Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells
12:46

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells

Published on: August 17, 2022

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat
04:30

Investigating Aortic Valve Calcification via Isolation and Culture of T Lymphocytes using Feeder Cells from Irradiated Buffy Coat

Published on: February 4, 2021

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells
12:46

Flow Cytometry-Based Quantification and Analysis of Myocardial B-Cells

Published on: August 17, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Autoimmunity is crucial in rheumatic heart disease pathogenesis.
  • Inflammatory markers indicate ongoing rheumatic activity.
  • Cellular mechanisms of autoimmunity in rheumatic heart disease remain understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate circulating CD4+CD25+ T-cell levels in mitral stenosis patients.
  • To correlate regulatory T-cell counts with clinical and echocardiographic data.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to determine T-cell counts.
  • 42 mitral stenosis patients and 27 healthy controls were included.
  • Clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic evaluations were performed.

Main Results:

  • Mitral stenosis patients showed significantly lower CD4+CD25+ T-cell counts compared to controls.
  • The percentage of CD4+CD25+ T cells was also reduced in patients.
  • A negative correlation was observed between erythrocyte sedimentation rate and CD4+CD25+ T-cell count.

Conclusions:

  • Reduced CD4+CD25+ T-cell numbers in mitral stenosis may imply cellular autoimmunity.
  • This decrease could be linked to a smoldering rheumatic process.