[Kidney transplantation: indications, results, limitations, and perspectives]

In France, kidney transplantation is part of - and is reimbursed as - treatment for chronic kidney disease. Long-term survival and quality of life are better for transplant recipients than for dialysis patients. Stagnation in the survival rate of transplants over the past 10 years has led to the development of new immunosuppressive drugs to minimize the use of corticosteroids and anticalcineurins and to induce tolerance of the transplanted kidney. The scarcity and lower quality of kidneys for transplantation is also leading to the development of new transplantation sources: donors with cardiac arrest and elderly, living and ABO-incompatible donors.