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Isolating Free Carbenes, their Mixed Dimers and Organic Radicals
Published on: April 19, 2019
Electronic stabilization of ground state triplet carbenes
Adelina Nemirowski1, Peter R Schreiner
1Institut für Organische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
Abstract:
Based on systematic ab initio (CCSD(T)/cc-pVDZ) studies of substituent effects, we present a concept for the construction of electronically stabilized triplet ground state carbenes with singlet-triplet energy separations (DeltaEST) exceeding that of methylene. Sterically demanding and conjugating substituents were excluded from the selection of model compounds under investigation, as these either destabilize both the singlet and the triplet states or delocalize unpaired spins away from the carbene carbon. Negative partial charges on the carbene center allow for the prediction of the electronic stabilization of substituted carbenes. To decrease carbene reactivity, we chose beta-substituents with strong polar bonds. Among them, highly electronegative elements such as fluorine and oxygen enlarge the DeltaEST value with respect to hydrogen, while chlorine does not due to p-orbital participation.
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