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Nonequilibrium functional renormalization group for interacting quantum systems.

Severin G Jakobs1, Volker Meden, Herbert Schoeller

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Physik A, RWTH Aachen, D-52056 Aachen, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|November 13, 2007
PubMed
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We developed a new method for studying quantum systems out of equilibrium. This approach reveals how particle occupation affects electrical conductance in quantum wires, uncovering new power law behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum transport phenomena

Background:

  • Understanding quantum systems far from thermal equilibrium is crucial for developing new electronic devices.
  • Existing theoretical frameworks often struggle to accurately describe nonequilibrium quantum transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel nonequilibrium functional renormalization group method.
  • To provide a unified framework for both equilibrium and nonequilibrium quantum systems.
  • To investigate quantum transport in interacting systems under nonequilibrium conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a nonequilibrium functional renormalization group approach.
  • Incorporated a complex-valued flow parameter within the Keldysh formalism.
  • Applied the method to a quantum wire coupled to two reservoirs.

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Main Results:

  • The proposed method unifies equilibrium and nonequilibrium treatments.
  • Nonequilibrium occupation was shown to significantly influence transport properties.
  • New power law exponents for conductance were identified due to nonequilibrium effects.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers a powerful tool for studying driven quantum systems.
  • Nonequilibrium effects can fundamentally alter transport characteristics, leading to novel phenomena.