Craniofacial and upper airway cephalometrics in hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
S Gündüz Arslan1, J Devecioğlu Kama, T Ozer
1Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology
|November 24, 2007
Summary
Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) patients exhibit distinct craniofacial anomalies, including Class III malocclusion and reduced upper airway dimensions. These findings highlight significant growth deficiencies in HED individuals.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Genetics
- Anthropology
Background:
- Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) is a genetic disorder affecting ectodermal structures.
- Craniofacial and airway morphology in HED patients require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate craniofacial and upper airway structures in patients with HED.
- To compare HED patients with a normal Class III control group.
Main Methods:
- Lateral cephalometric radiographs of 10 HED patients and 10 controls were analyzed.
- 21 dimensional measurements assessed craniofacial and airway structures.
- HED patients' structures were compared to normal values and controls with similar skeletal patterns.
Main Results:
- HED patients showed lower SNA, SNB, ANB, SN-GoMe degrees, and lip-S-line distance.
- Increased soft tissue convexity angles, decreased tongue length, and reduced airway dimensions (middle and inferior) were observed.
- Soft palate length increased, and the hyoid bone was positioned more posteriorly.
Conclusions:
- HED is characterized by Class III malocclusion, maxillary retrusion, and deficient jaw/soft tissue growth.
- HED patients present with smaller pharyngeal and upper airway dimensions.
- The hyoid bone in HED patients is positioned more posteriorly than in Class III controls.
Related Concept Videos
01:27Cranial Bones: Lateral View
The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
01:14Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
01:08Overview of the Skull
The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...