Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the timing and level of...
Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Nondestructive Raman Spectral Method for Temporal Tracking of Articular Cartilage Maturation.

Tissue engineering. Part A·2026
Same author

Correction: Matrix-bound Tenascin-C directs neuronal differentiation through stiffness-tuned MeHA hydrogels mimicking the spinal cord microenvironment.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Matrix-bound Tenascin-C directs neuronal differentiation through stiffness-tuned MeHA hydrogels mimicking the spinal cord microenvironment.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2026
Same author

Design and tissue engineering applications of microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolds.

Acta biomaterialia·2026
Same author

Isolation, purification and characterization of lipocartilage in mice.

Nature protocols·2026
Same author

3D Bioprinting for Spinal Cord Injury: Engineering Scaffolds for Functional Recovery.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression
07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

Static compression of single chondrocytes catabolically modifies single-cell gene expression.

Nic D Leipzig1, Kyriacos A Athanasiou

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA.

Biophysical Journal
|December 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Mechanical forces alter gene expression in single articular chondrocytes, affecting extracellular matrix proteins. Growth factors provide protection, suggesting forces impact gene transcription via chromatin changes.

More Related Videos

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid
09:58

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid

Published on: January 31, 2012

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro
10:07

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro

Published on: May 17, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression
07:23

A Microfluidic Platform for Stimulating Chondrocytes with Dynamic Compression

Published on: September 13, 2019

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid
09:58

A 3D System for Culturing Human Articular Chondrocytes in Synovial Fluid

Published on: January 31, 2012

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro
10:07

A 5-mC Dot Blot Assay Quantifying the DNA Methylation Level of Chondrocyte Dedifferentiation In Vitro

Published on: May 17, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Mechanobiology
  • Molecular Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mechanical forces are known to alter cell function.
  • Mechanisms of force transmission to the nucleus and single-cell gene expression changes remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how compressive forces affect gene expression in single articular chondrocytes.
  • To explore the role of force transmission to the nucleus and potential protective factors.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell gene expression analysis (mRNA levels) of extracellular matrix proteins.
  • Cytohistochemistry to assess cellular and nuclear strain.
  • Treatment with growth factors (TGF-β1, IGF-I) to evaluate mechanoprotection.

Main Results:

  • Compressive forces induced a dosage-dependent catabolic shift in aggrecan, collagen IIa, and TIMP-1 mRNA levels.
  • Nucleus experienced significant strain, leading to changes in nuclear volume and structure.
  • TGF-β1 and IGF-I demonstrated mechanoprotective effects, restoring aggrecan and TIMP-1 gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical forces directly influence gene transcription in articular chondrocytes.
  • Changes in chromatin conformation may mediate force-induced transcriptional changes.
  • Growth factors can mitigate the catabolic effects of mechanical stress on chondrocytes.