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Ureteral stenting and urinary stone management: a systematic review
George Haleblian1, Kittinut Kijvikai, Jean de la Rosette
1Comprehensive Kidney Stone Center, Division of Urologic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
The Journal of Urology
|December 14, 2007
Summary
Ureteral stents are not always necessary after simple procedures, but can reduce complications in high-risk patients. New stent designs aim to minimize discomfort and encrustation.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Biomaterials Science
Background:
- Ureteral stents are commonly used in urological interventions.
- Stent-related complications, including pain, infection, and encrustation, are significant concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent literature on ureteral stent materials, designs, indications, and complications.
- To provide an update on managing stent-related issues.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2006.
- Focused on new and updated review articles concerning ureteral stents.
Main Results:
- Routine stenting does not improve stone-free rates after uncomplicated ureteroscopy or shock wave lithotripsy.
- Patients undergoing certain procedures or with specific conditions (e.g., pregnancy, UTIs) are at higher risk for complications.
- New stent materials and designs show promise in reducing morbidity like pain and encrustation.
Conclusions:
- Stenting is not mandatory for all patients post-ureteroscopy or shock wave lithotripsy.
- A subset of patients benefits from stenting due to elevated complication risks.
- Further development of biomaterials, including drug-eluting stents, is needed to prevent infection and encrustation.
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