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Fast, reconfigurable light-induced waveguides.

P Dittrich, G Montemezzani, P Bernasconi

    Optics Letters
    |December 15, 2007
    PubMed
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    Researchers created fast, reconfigurable one-dimensional waveguides using photorefraction. These ultraviolet-light-induced waveguides can guide red laser beams and be reconfigured for beam deflection.

    Area of Science:

    • Photorefractive materials science
    • Optics and photonics
    • Nonlinear optics

    Background:

    • Developing reconfigurable optical waveguides is crucial for advanced photonic devices.
    • Photorefractive materials offer unique light-induced refractive index changes.
    • Potassium niobate (KNbO3) is a well-known photorefractive crystal.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate the creation of fast and reconfigurable one-dimensional waveguides.
    • To investigate the properties of these waveguides in pure KNbO3.
    • To explore the potential for beam steering applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized interband photorefraction to induce index barriers using ultraviolet light.
    • Demonstrated guiding of a red laser beam (15 µm FWHM).

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  • Measured waveguide buildup and decay times in pure KNbO3.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved waveguide buildup times of approximately 100 µs and decay times of 10 ms.
    • Confirmed guiding properties are independent of guided light intensity (4 mW/cm² to 200 W/cm²).
    • Demonstrated waveguide reconfiguration leading to beam deflection angles up to 1.75 degrees.

    Conclusions:

    • Interband photorefraction enables rapid and reconfigurable waveguide formation in KNbO3.
    • The demonstrated waveguides are suitable for dynamic beam manipulation.
    • These findings have implications for integrated optics and optical switching.