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08:45
Shrinkage of Dental Composite in Simulated Cavity Measured with Digital Image Correlation
Published on: July 21, 2014
Extended setting shrinkage behavior of endodontic sealers
Mohammad Hammad1, Alison Qualtrough, Nick Silikas
1School of Dentistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. Mohammad.Hammad@postgrad.manchester.ac.uk
Journal of Endodontics
|December 25, 2007
Summary
Newly developed root canal sealers show varying polymerization shrinkage. Resin-based sealers like EndoRez exhibited significant shrinkage, potentially compromising root canal seal and leading to treatment failure.
Area of Science:
- Endodontics
- Dental Materials Science
Background:
- Polymerization shrinkage of root canal sealers is a critical factor influencing long-term treatment success.
- Understanding the dimensional changes of new sealers is essential for predicting their clinical performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and compare the polymerization shrinkage behavior of novel root canal sealers.
- Evaluate the impact of curing methods (chemical vs. dual cure) on shrinkage for resin-based sealers.
Main Methods:
- The bonded disk method was employed to measure polymerization shrinkage.
- Sixty specimens of EndoRez, RealSeal, GuttaFlow, and TubliSeal were tested at body and room temperatures over 24 hours.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant differences in polymerization shrinkage were observed among the sealers.
- EndoRez demonstrated the highest shrinkage, followed by RealSeal, while TubliSeal showed the lowest shrinkage.
- GuttaFlow exhibited polymerization expansion, unlike the other tested materials.
Conclusions:
- High polymerization shrinkage, as seen with EndoRez and RealSeal, may compromise the integrity of the root canal seal.
- Material selection is crucial, as dimensional instability can lead to endodontic treatment failure.
- GuttaFlow's expansion warrants further investigation regarding its clinical implications.
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01:27Shrinkage in Concrete
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01:19Retarders
Retarders are chemical admixtures designed to extend the setting time, which is especially useful when there is a delay in sequential concrete pours to prevent cold joints and to achieve a cohesive structure. Retarders, when used in appropriate amounts, can also enhance the architectural appearance of exposed aggregate finishes.
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01:24Carbonation Shrinkage
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The concrete's permeability is slightly reduced as calcium carbonate produced during the reaction fills its pores. Furthermore, its strength is slightly enhanced as the water released during the reaction facilitates the...
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01:20Curing of Concrete
The hydration of cement takes place within the water-filled capillary pores. However, environmental elements can disrupt this process by evaporating water from the concrete surfaces. Sealed concrete with a water-cement ratio below 0.5 experiences self-desiccation, leading to water loss. The water loss in concrete is mitigated by curing. This technique involves keeping the concrete saturated to maintain the necessary temperature and moisture conditions, to optimally fill the spaces in the cement...