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Updated: Jul 8, 2026
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A Simple Fractionated Extraction Method for the Comprehensive Analysis of Metabolites, Lipids, and Proteins from a Single Sample
Published on: June 1, 2017
Low-voltage electromembrane extraction of basic drugs from biological samples.
Inger Johanne Østegaard Kjelsen1, Astrid Gjelstad, Knut Einar Rasmussen
1School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
Journal of Chromatography. A
|January 1, 2008
Summary
Low-voltage electromembrane extraction (EME) using battery power successfully isolated drugs from biological samples. This simple, selective, and efficient method shows promise for sample preparation.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Separation Science
Background:
- Traditional sample preparation methods can be time-consuming and complex.
- Electromembrane extraction (EME) offers a promising alternative for analyte isolation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To demonstrate the feasibility of low-voltage electromembrane extraction (EME) powered by common batteries.
- To evaluate the efficiency and selectivity of this technique for basic drug extraction from biological fluids.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a supported liquid membrane (SLM) with 1-isopropyl-4-nitrobenzene in hollow fibers.
- Applied low voltages (1-10 V) from battery power sources for extraction.
- Analyzed basic drugs from aqueous solutions and biological matrices (plasma, urine, breast milk).
Main Results:
- Achieved analyte recoveries of 50-93% from standard solutions and 37-55% from biological fluids.
- Obtained enrichment factors of 20-37 with efficient extraction.
- Demonstrated excellent selectivity with no interfering peaks and high correlation coefficients (0.994-0.999) for standard curves.
Conclusions:
- Low-voltage EME is a viable and effective sample preparation technique.
- The method is simple, selective, time-efficient, and suitable for biological fluid analysis.
- Battery-powered EME presents a practical approach for routine laboratory applications.
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