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Iminosugars from Baphia nitida Lodd.

Atsushi Kato1, Noriko Kato, Saori Miyauchi

  • 1Department of Hospital Pharmacy, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan. kato@med.u-toyama.ac.jp

Phytochemistry
|January 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary
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See all related articles

African medicinal tree Baphia nitida yields ten iminosugars, including 2R,5R-dihydroxymethyl-3R,4R-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP). New DMDP derivatives show altered enzyme inhibition profiles, impacting alpha-glucosidase and maltase activity.

Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry

Background:

  • Baphia nitida is an African medicinal tree with a history of traditional use.
  • Iminosugars are a class of compounds with significant biological activities, including enzyme inhibition.
  • Understanding the chemical constituents of medicinal plants can lead to the discovery of new therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize iminosugars from the leaves of Baphia nitida.
  • To elucidate the structures of novel iminosugar derivatives.
  • To evaluate the enzyme inhibitory activities of the isolated iminosugars and their derivatives.

Main Methods:

  • Chromatographic separation of plant extracts.
  • Spectroscopic methods (e.g., NMR, Mass Spectrometry) for structure elucidation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Enzyme inhibition assays to determine biological activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Isolation of ten iminosugars from Baphia nitida leaves.
    • Identification of 2R,5R-dihydroxymethyl-3R,4R-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP) as a major alkaloid.
    • Elucidation of two new DMDP derivatives: 1-O-beta-D-fructofuranoside of DMDP and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-DMDP.
    • DMDP showed potent inhibition of beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase.
    • The new derivatives exhibited reduced inhibition of beta-glucosidase and beta-galactosidase but enhanced inhibition of rice alpha-glucosidase and rat intestinal maltase.

    Conclusions:

    • Baphia nitida is a rich source of diverse iminosugars, including novel derivatives.
    • The isolated iminosugars and their derivatives possess varying enzyme inhibitory profiles.
    • These findings suggest potential applications for Baphia nitida-derived iminosugars in managing carbohydrate metabolism-related disorders.