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Orthodontic anomalies and differences in gnathometric variables in twins
Acta Stomatologica Croatica
|January 1, 1991
Summary
This study on twin pairs found that genetic factors significantly influence gnathometric measurements, with higher compatibility observed in monozygotic twins for most dental and skeletal traits. Maxilla-related variables showed strong genetic determination.
Area of Science:
- Dentistry
- Orthodontics
- Human Genetics
Background:
- Gnathometric measurements using plaster casts remain relevant in contemporary dental research.
- Twin studies are crucial for understanding the genetic and environmental influences on craniofacial development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the heritability of gnathometric variables in monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.
- To compare the concordance of dental and skeletal measurements between MZ and DZ twin pairs.
Main Methods:
- Evaluated qualitative and quantitative gnathometric variables in 96 twin pairs (36 MZ, 60 DZ).
- Utilized computer processing for statistical analysis of collected data.
- Assessed parameters including types and severity of anomalies, overbite, overjet, and class relationships.
Main Results:
- Significantly higher compatibility was found in monozygotic twins compared to dizygotic twins for most evaluated gnathometric parameters.
- Genetic determination was particularly pronounced for maxilla-related variables.
- Exceptions to higher MZ concordance included overbite, overjet, and their respective classifications.
Conclusions:
- Craniofacial structures, especially those related to the maxilla, are substantially influenced by genetic factors.
- The dynamics of mandibular movements and external influences may play a role in the development of certain dental relationships.