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Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy

Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy

Published on: March 6, 2015

Epithelial stem cells and tissue engineered intestine.

Richard M Day¹

¹Burdett Institute of Gastrointestinal Nursing, St Marks' Hospital & King's College London, London, UK. richard.day@kcl.ac.uk

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy

|January 29, 2008

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Epithelial stem cells in the gut regenerate tissue after injury. Research into these stem cells and intestinal tissue engineering offers potential therapies for gastrointestinal diseases and short bowel syndrome.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Stem Cell Biology
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

The intestinal mucosa possesses significant regenerative capabilities, crucial for restoring function post-injury.
Epithelial stem cells, located in intestinal glands, are key to this regeneration.
Advances in stem cell isolation and characterization are enabling new therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the characteristics of intestinal epithelial stem cells.
To provide an overview of current intestinal tissue engineering.
To highlight challenges in stem cell-based therapies for gastrointestinal disorders.

Main Methods:

Literature review of epithelial stem cell biology.
Analysis of current research in intestinal tissue engineering.
Discussion of therapeutic applications and challenges.

Main Results:

Intestinal stem cells are vital for mucosal repair and regeneration.
Tissue engineering offers potential for artificial intestinal constructs.
Further research is needed on stem cell identification, manipulation, and the stem cell niche.

Conclusions:

Stem cell-based therapies hold promise for gastrointestinal diseases and short bowel syndrome.
Tissue-engineered intestines could be an alternative to transplantation.
Understanding intestinal stem cell biology is critical for advancing regenerative medicine.