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Fitting cosmic microwave background data with cosmic strings and inflation.

Neil Bevis1, Mark Hindmarsh, Martin Kunz

  • 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters
|February 1, 2008
PubMed
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Cosmic string models show a 2-sigma detection in cosmic microwave background (CMB) data, suggesting a potential contribution to the early universe. Further analysis with additional data makes these models comparable to standard cosmological theories.

Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Astrophysics
  • Particle Physics

Background:

  • The standard cosmological model (Lambda-CDM) successfully explains many observations, but alternative models are continuously explored.
  • Cosmic strings are hypothetical topological defects that could have formed during phase transitions in the early universe.
  • Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) power spectra provide a sensitive probe of cosmological parameters and early universe physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare CMB power spectra measurements with predictions from cosmological models that include cosmic strings.
  • To determine the statistical significance of cosmic strings as a component of the early universe.
  • To evaluate the preference for models with cosmic strings versus standard models with varying cosmological parameters.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Multiparameter likelihood analysis of CMB power spectra data.
  • Comparison of model predictions including cosmic strings against standard power-law tilt models.
  • Incorporation of additional non-CMB cosmological data to constrain models.

Main Results:

  • A 2-sigma detection of cosmic strings was found, with a fractional contribution f10 = 0.11 ± 0.05 at l=10.
  • CMB data alone showed a moderate preference for a model with cosmic strings and ns=1 over a standard model with a variable tilt.
  • When additional non-CMB data were included, the preference for models with or without cosmic strings became comparable.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides evidence for cosmic strings, though not yet at a definitive discovery level.
  • The inclusion of cosmic strings can offer an alternative explanation for cosmological observations, particularly when combined with specific parameter choices (ns=1).
  • Further constraints on cosmic string parameters (Gμ < 0.7x10^-6) are derived when considering variable tilt and additional data.