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The Tumor Microenvironment02:17

The Tumor Microenvironment

Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...

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Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
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Molecular and Immunologic Techniques in a Genetically Engineered Mouse Model of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor

Published on: May 2, 2022

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor.

Puneet Gupta1, Mallika Tewari, Hari S Shukla

  • 1Department of Surgical Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, UP, India.

Surgical Oncology
|February 1, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are common mesenchymal tumors driven by KIT mutations. This review covers GIST features and targeted therapies, including imatinib and sunitinib for resistant cases.

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Robotic Duodenal Sleeve Resection for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor with Rare Exon 8 KIT Mutation Following Neoadjuvant Imatinib
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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract.
  • GISTs are characterized by oncogenic mutations in the KIT receptor tyrosine kinase.
  • KIT plays a crucial role in GIST diagnosis and targeted therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key features of GIST.
  • To review the targeted, multi-disciplinary approach to GIST treatment.
  • To discuss therapeutic agents for GIST, including imatinib and sunitinib.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of GIST features and treatment modalities.
  • Analysis of targeted therapies for GIST.
  • Summary of current treatment guidelines and emerging agents.

Main Results:

  • Imatinib is a widely used tyrosine kinase inhibitor for advanced and metastatic GISTs.
  • Specific KIT mutations (e.g., exon 9) can confer resistance to imatinib.
  • Sunitinib is approved for imatinib-resistant GIST.

Conclusions:

  • GIST treatment requires a targeted, multi-disciplinary approach.
  • Understanding KIT mutations is essential for effective GIST therapy.
  • New agents like sunitinib offer options for imatinib-resistant GIST.