[Seroma after axillary lymph node dissection in breast cancer]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Surgical Oncology
• Breast Cancer Management

Context:

• Axillary lymph node dissection remains a reference treatment for certain breast cancers.
• Seroma formation is a frequent postoperative complication, irrespective of surgical technique.
• Sentinel node biopsy has reduced axillary surgery morbidity.

Purpose:

• To review literature on risk factors and preventative techniques for seroma formation after axillary dissection in breast cancer.
• To identify effective strategies for reducing seroma incidence and volume.

Summary:

• Risk factors for seroma include high BMI, high initial drainage volume, and hypertension.
• Sentinel node biopsy, axillary padding, and axillary drainage show potential benefits in reducing seroma.
• Many other techniques yield contradictory results, lacking clinical recommendation.

Impact:

• Highlights sentinel node biopsy and axillary padding as currently distinguished techniques for seroma reduction.
• Emphasizes the lack of established consensus for managing postoperative seroma after breast cancer axillary dissection.
• Informs clinical practice regarding potential strategies to mitigate seroma complications.