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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

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Extraction of Non-Protein Amino Acids from Cyanobacteria for Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis
Published on: December 9, 2022
Characteristics of amino acids
1Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Current Protocols in Molecular Biology
|February 12, 2008
Summary
This appendix provides essential scientific reference data, covering common abbreviations, measurements, and chemical properties. It includes crucial safety information for radioisotopes and hazardous materials, plus practical conversion factors for laboratory work.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Laboratory Science
Background:
- Scientific research relies on accurate data and standardized information.
- Researchers often need quick access to fundamental constants, properties, and safety guidelines.
- A consolidated reference can improve efficiency and reduce errors in experimental design and execution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compile essential basic information for scientific researchers.
- To provide a readily accessible reference for common laboratory data and safety protocols.
- To serve as a practical guide for everyday scientific work.
Main Methods:
- Compilation of established scientific data and standard abbreviations.
- Inclusion of safety guidelines for handling radioisotopes and hazardous chemicals.
- Presentation of common conversion factors and material characteristics.
Main Results:
- A comprehensive appendix containing vital scientific reference material.
- Detailed information on amino acids, nucleic acids, detergents, and radioactivity.
- Practical conversion tables for laboratory equipment and units.
Conclusions:
- This appendix serves as a valuable resource for scientists.
- It enhances laboratory efficiency by providing quick access to critical information.
- It promotes safety through clear guidelines on handling hazardous materials.
Related Concept Videos
Amino acids
Amino acids are the monomers that comprise proteins. Each amino acid has the same fundamental structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, or the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and to a hydrogen atom. Every amino acid also has another atom or group of atoms bonded to the central atom known as the R group. There are 20 common amino acids present in proteins, each with a different R group. Variation in the amino acid sequence is responsible for...
What are Proteins?
Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Proteins and polypeptides are interchangeably used to refer to long chains of amino acids. However, polypeptides have a molecular weight of fewer than 10,000 daltons, while proteins have greater molecular weight. Polypeptides with less than 20 amino acids are called oligopeptides or simply peptides. Interactions among the constituent amino acid side chains of proteins help them fold into a stable 3-dimensional structure...
What are Proteins?
Overview
What are Proteins?
Overview
What are Proteins?
Proteins are polymers of amino acids linked together by peptide bonds. Proteins and polypeptides are interchangeably used to refer to long chains of amino acids. However, polypeptides have a molecular weight of fewer than 10,000 daltons, while proteins have greater molecular weight. Polypeptides with less than 20 amino acids are called oligopeptides or simply peptides. Interactions among the constituent amino acid side chains of proteins help them fold into a stable 3-dimensional structure...
Physical Properties of Amines
Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.

