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Reverse wave propagation in the cochlea.

Wenxuan He1, Anders Fridberger, Edward Porsov

  • 1Oregon Hearing Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 Southwest Sam Jackson Park Road, NRC04, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|February 15, 2008
PubMed
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Otoacoustic emissions travel from the inner ear to the cochlear base via a forward-traveling wave, not a backward wave. This suggests emissions exit the cochlea through fluid compressional waves.

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Cochlear Mechanics
  • Otoacoustic Emissions

Background:

  • Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are crucial for diagnosing hearing loss and understanding inner ear function.
  • The propagation pathway of OAEs from generation sites to the cochlear base is debated.
  • Two main theories propose OAEs travel via a slow, backward transverse wave or a fast, forward compressional wave.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally test theories of otoacoustic emission propagation.
  • To determine if OAEs travel via a backward or forward wave.
  • To investigate the role of cochlear fluids in OAE transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Measured basilar membrane (BM) vibrations at the cubic distortion product (DP) frequency using laser interferometry.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed BM vibration amplitude and phase at two longitudinal locations.
  • Varied DP generation sites by altering primary tone frequencies while maintaining a constant ratio.

    • Main Results:

    • BM vibration patterns at the DP frequency closely resembled responses to external tones.
    • Phase measurements revealed that basal locations led apical locations, indicating forward wave propagation.
    • Data contradict the backward-traveling-wave theory.

    Conclusions:

    • Otoacoustic emissions propagate towards the cochlear base via a forward-traveling wave.
    • Findings support the hypothesis that OAEs exit the cochlea predominantly through compressional waves in cochlear fluids.
    • This challenges the prevailing backward-traveling-wave model for OAEs.