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School-based obesity interventions: a literature review
Fadia T Shaya1, David Flores, Confidence M Gbarayor
1Center on Drugs and Public Policy, Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. fshaya@rx.umaryland.edu
The Journal of School Health
|March 14, 2008
Summary
Childhood obesity interventions in schools show short-term success but lack long-term impact. Further research is needed on sustained obesity management in children.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Public Health
- Sports Medicine
Background:
- Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic with long-term health consequences.
- Effective school-based interventions are crucial for managing pediatric obesity and preventing adult cardiovascular risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of school-based obesity interventions for children and adolescents.
- To guide future efforts in managing childhood obesity and its associated risks.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of PubMed and OVID Medline databases was conducted.
- Searched for school-based obesity interventions (ages 7-19) from 1986-2006.
- Analyzed 51 studies based on duration, intervention type, and outcome measures.
Main Results:
- Interventions varied in length (4 weeks to 8 years) and approach (physical activity, education, behavior modification, or combined).
- Outcome measures included quantitative (BMI, waist-hip ratio) and qualitative (self-reported activity, knowledge) data.
- 40 studies reported statistically significant short-term positive results.
Conclusions:
- No sustained positive effects of childhood obesity interventions were observed.
- Long-term follow-up studies using both quantitative and qualitative measures are essential for short-term interventions.
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