Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026
06:44
From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
Published on: March 24, 2018
Mutual induced coordination in halogen-bonded anionic assemblies with (6,3) cation-templated topologies.
Pierangelo Metrangolo1, Frank Meyer, Tullio Pilati
1NFMLab - DCMIC G. Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milan, Italy. pierangelo.metrangolo@polimi.it
Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|March 28, 2008
Summary
This study demonstrates using halogen bonding to create cation-templated anionic networks. The method relies on precisely fitting the electronic properties of the components for controlled network assembly.
Area of Science:
- Supramolecular Chemistry
- Crystal Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Halogen bonding is a non-covalent interaction increasingly utilized in crystal engineering.
- Anionic networks offer unique properties for applications in ion transport and catalysis.
- Controlled assembly of complex supramolecular structures remains a challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a novel strategy for constructing cation-templated anionic (6,3) networks.
- To showcase the utility of halogen bonding as a primary directing force in network formation.
- To achieve deliberate control over network topology through molecular design.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing halogen bonding interactions between halogenated donors and electron-rich acceptors.
- Employing a cation template to direct the assembly of anionic building blocks.
- Applying the principle of mutual induced fitting to optimize valence interactions.
Main Results:
- Successful synthesis of discrete cation-templated anionic (6,3) networks.
- Demonstration of halogen bonding as the key interaction driving network formation.
- Evidence of mutual induced fitting influencing the stability and structure of the networks.
Conclusions:
- Halogen bonding provides a powerful tool for the rational design of complex anionic networks.
- The mutual induced fitting strategy enables precise control over network assembly and topology.
- This approach opens new avenues for creating functional anionic materials.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
02:42Valence Bond Theory
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
02:45Valence Bond Theory
Overview of Valence Bond Theory
02:34Structural Isomerism
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
02:54Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature
In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...
02:38Electrophilic Addition to Alkynes: Halogenation
Introduction
Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
Halogenation is another class of electrophilic addition reactions where a halogen molecule gets added across a π bond. In alkynes, the presence of two π bonds allows for the addition of two equivalents of halogens (bromine or chlorine). The addition of the first halogen molecule forms a trans-dihaloalkene as the major product and the cis isomer as the minor product. Subsequent addition of the second equivalent yields the tetrahalide.
02:57Coordination Number and Geometry
For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.