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Decellularization-Based Quantification of Skeletal Muscle Fatty Infiltration

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Alterations in body composition in acromegaly.

Laurence Katznelson¹

¹Stanford University School of Medicine, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5826, USA. LKatznelson@stanford.edu

|March 29, 2008

Summary

Acromegaly, caused by excess growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), alters body composition. Biochemical control reduces body water and fat-free mass, while increasing body fat, with bone density effects needing further study.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Metabolic disorders

Background:

Acromegaly results from growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) hypersecretion.
GH excess causes bony overgrowth, soft tissue abnormalities, and altered body composition (increased water and lean mass, decreased fat).

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the effects of GH and IGF-1 excess in acromegaly.
To describe body composition changes with disease control.
To review bone density alterations in acromegaly.

Main Methods:

Literature review of acromegaly pathophysiology and treatment outcomes.
Analysis of studies on body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) in acromegaly patients.

Main Results:

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GH/IGF-1 excess increases body water and lean mass, decreases body fat.

Biochemical control leads to reduced body water and fat-free mass, increased body fat.

BMD is generally increased, but hypogonadism can negate GH's anabolic effect on bone, especially trabecular bone.

Conclusions:

Acromegaly significantly impacts body composition and bone metabolism.
Biochemical control reverses some body composition changes.
Long-term effects of treatment on bone density require further investigation.