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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Metastasis02:30

Metastasis

Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

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A Nonviral Approach to Generate Transient Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Using mRNA for Cancer Immunotherapy
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Published on: February 21, 2025

Second primary cancers: an overview.

Andrea K Ng1, Lois B Travis

  • 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, ASB1-L2, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ang@lroc.harvard.edu

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America
|April 9, 2008
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer survivors face increased risks of new cancers, particularly solid tumors, which are a leading cause of mortality. This article examines treatment-associated malignancies in adult cancer survivors.

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Detecting Anastasis In Vivo by CaspaseTracker Biosensor
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Published on: February 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Survivorship Research

Background:

  • Advances in cancer detection, supportive care, and therapy have increased cancer survival rates.
  • Long-term survivors face critical late effects, including the risk of developing new primary cancers.
  • Second or higher-order cancers are an increasing concern, with solid tumors being a major cause of mortality in survivors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To focus on treatment-associated malignancies in survivors of selected adult cancers.
  • To highlight the growing issue of secondary cancers in long-term cancer survivors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature focusing on treatment-associated malignancies.
  • Analysis of data concerning secondary cancer incidence and mortality in adult cancer survivors.

Main Results:

  • Second cancers represent a significant and growing challenge for cancer survivors.
  • Solid tumors are a leading cause of death among long-term survivors of certain cancers, such as Hodgkin lymphoma.

Conclusions:

  • The identification and quantification of late effects, including secondary malignancies, are critical for improving long-term cancer care.
  • Understanding treatment-associated malignancies is essential for managing the health of an expanding population of cancer survivors.