[Thromboelastography and its use in cardiac surgery].

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Hematology
• Cardiovascular Surgery

Background:

• Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass significantly impacts hemostasis, leading to platelet dysfunction, coagulopathy, and hyperfibrinolysis.
• Despite advancements in blood conservation, transfusion rates in cardiac surgery remain elevated.
• Conventional coagulation tests provide limited global assessment of the hemostatic system.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review thromboelastography technology.
• To discuss the application of thromboelastography in cardiac surgery.
• To highlight its role in managing hemostasis during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on thromboelastography.
• Analysis of thromboelastography's utility in assessing hemostatic components.
• Evaluation of its use in conjunction with standard coagulation tests.

Main Results:

• Thromboelastography provides a global assessment of the hemostatic system.
• It aids in identifying and managing complex hemostatic alterations during cardiac surgery.
• Its use is associated with decreased microvascular bleeding and homologous blood transfusion.

Conclusions:

• Thromboelastography is a valuable tool for evaluating hemostasis in cardiac surgery.
• It assists in optimizing patient management and reducing transfusion requirements.
• Further integration of thromboelastography can improve outcomes in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.