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Radical Oxidation of Allylic and Benzylic Alcohols01:21

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Activated manganese(IV) oxide can selectively oxidize allylic and benzylic alcohols via a radical intermediate mechanism. Primary allylic alcohols are oxidized to aldehydes, while secondary allylic alcohols yield ketones. The redox reaction of potassium permanganate with an Mn(II) salt such as manganese sulfate (under either alkaline or acidic conditions), followed by thorough drying, yields the oxidizing agent: activated MnO2. While MnO2 is insoluble in the solvents used for the reaction, the...
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

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Methanol oxidation on a Pt(111)-OH/O surface.

Akiyoshi Kuzume1, Yosuke Mochiduki, Tetsuyuki Tsuchida

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan. kuzume@chem.keio.ac.jp

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|April 12, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Methanol oxidation on hydroxylated platinum (Pt(111)-OH) surfaces was studied. Formate, not CO, is the dominant intermediate, forming directly from methanol, especially with OH adsorbates present.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Methanol oxidation is crucial for fuel cells.
  • Understanding reaction intermediates on platinum surfaces is key to improving efficiency.
  • The role of hydroxylated surfaces in methanol oxidation requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methanol oxidation on hydroxylated platinum (Pt(111)-OH) surfaces.
  • To identify reaction intermediates and their formation pathways.
  • To determine the influence of surface hydroxyls on methanol oxidation.

Main Methods:

  • Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) was employed.
  • Experiments were conducted in ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and acidic solution (0.1 mol dm(-3) HClO(4)).
  • Pt(111)-OH surfaces were prepared by annealing water on Pt(111)-(2 x 2)-O.

Main Results:

  • At annealing temperatures below 160 K, methanol remained undissociated.
  • Above 160 K, CO and formate intermediates were observed.
  • Formate formation was independent of CO oxidation, indicating direct methanol oxidation.
  • Formate was identified as the dominant non-CO intermediate in both UHV and solution.

Conclusions:

  • Formate is the primary non-CO intermediate in methanol oxidation on Pt(111)-OH.
  • Preadsorbed hydroxyl species significantly promote formate formation.
  • The findings highlight the critical role of surface hydroxyls in methanol oxidation pathways.