Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics

Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Overview

Modified-release dosage forms are designed to address the limitations of drugs with short biological half-lives. These forms maintain stable therapeutic drug concentrations over extended periods, reducing the need for frequent dosing. A consistent drug level helps minimize peak-trough fluctuations, which can reduce adverse effects, lower the risk of drug resistance, and improve overall treatment effectiveness.One common type of modified-release form is the extended-release (ER) formulation. ER...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Influencing Factors

Modified-release drug delivery systems are designed to optimize the therapeutic effect of drugs by minimizing side effects, reducing the dosage required, and controlling drug release to align with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic needs. The system depends on two key factors: the drug's release from the formulation and its movement through the body to the target site. Unlike conventional dosage forms, where absorption is the limiting step, the rate of drug release is the key determinant in...

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed I

Rate-programmed drug delivery systems (DDS) are designed to release drugs at specific, controlled rates to maintain consistent therapeutic levels. These systems are categorized based on their release mechanisms, including dissolution-controlled DDS, diffusion-controlled DDS, and combined dissolution-diffusion-controlled DDS.In dissolution-controlled DDS, the release rate depends on the slow dissolution of the drug itself or the surrounding matrix. Drugs with inherently slow dissolution rates,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dual-functional near-infrared fluorescent probe for H<sub>2</sub>S detection and precise COX-2-positive cancer imaging.

Bioorganic chemistry·2026

Same author

Thionaphthalimide-based photosensitizer for efficient photodynamic therapy.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2026

Same author

Next-Generation Nanomotors: a Biomedical Platform for Precision Tumor Targeting and Treatment.

ACS nano·2026

Same author

Synthesis and antitumor activity of mono and digold(i) alkynyl complexes with oligo(ethylene glycol)methylether.

RSC advances·2026

Same author

Near Infrared-Responsive Xanthene Probes for Dual-Mode Cancer Treatment and Bioimaging.

Analytical chemistry·2025

Same author

COX-2-targeted fluorescent probe for ClO<sup>-</sup> monitoring in precise cancer detection.

Bioorganic chemistry·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles

Published on: August 28, 2015

Development and evaluation of new sustained-release floating microspheres.

Ninan Ma¹, Lu Xu, Qifang Wang

¹School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wen Hua Road No. 103, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics

|April 15, 2008

Summary

New floating microspheres using alginate and chitosan enhance drug encapsulation and extend release. Optimized systems showed prolonged gastric retention over 5 hours in human volunteers.

More Related Videos

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: February 9, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles

Preparation and Characterization of Individual and Multi-drug Loaded Physically Entrapped Polymeric Micelles

Published on: August 28, 2015

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Uptake of New Lipid-coated Nanoparticles Containing Falcarindiol by Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Published on: February 9, 2019

Area of Science:

Pharmaceutical Technology
Drug Delivery Systems
Biomaterials

Background:

Alginate (Alg) microspheres are a promising platform for drug delivery.
Enhancing drug encapsulation efficiency and controlling drug release are key challenges in microsphere formulation.
Chitosan (Cs) and Eudragit coatings are explored to improve alginate microsphere performance.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize multi-unit floating alginate microspheres for sustained drug release.
To investigate the effect of chitosan addition and Eudragit coating on drug encapsulation and release kinetics.
To evaluate the gastrointestinal transit and gastric retention time of optimized floating microspheres in human volunteers.

Main Methods:

Alginate microspheres were prepared using ionotropic gelation with calcium carbonate as a gas-forming agent.
Chitosan was incorporated into the gelation medium to enhance encapsulation efficiency.
Eudragit RS coating was applied to modify drug release characteristics.
Gamma-scintigraphy was employed to assess gastrointestinal transit in healthy human volunteers.

Main Results:

Chitosan-alginate (Cs-Alg) microspheres exhibited significantly higher drug encapsulation efficiency compared to calcium alginate (Ca-Alg) microspheres.
Eudragit RS coating effectively prolonged the drug release profile.
Both coated and uncoated microspheres demonstrated 24-hour buoyancy in simulated gastric fluid.
Optimized floating microspheres (FM) achieved a prolonged gastric retention time (GRT) exceeding 5 hours, while non-floating microspheres (NFM) were emptied within 2.5 hours.

Conclusions:

A multi-unit floating microsphere system with enhanced drug entrapment and sustained release properties was successfully developed.
The combination of chitosan and Eudragit coating significantly improves the performance of alginate-based floating drug delivery systems.
The developed floating microspheres offer potential for prolonged gastric retention, enhancing therapeutic efficacy.