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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of apical radial pulse01:25

Assessment of apical radial pulse

Apical-Radial (A-R) Pulse Assessment
The A-R pulse assessment involves simultaneous evaluation of the apical and radial pulses. When the apical and radial pulse rates vary, this assessment helps identify a pulse deficit.
Pre-Procedural Preparation
Assessment of radial pulse01:11

Assessment of radial pulse

Assessment of Radial Pulse
The radial pulse, located at the wrist, is often the preferred site for assessing peripheral pulse because of its accessibility and dependability. The process of determining the radial pulse involves several steps:

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Visualizing Scar Development Using SCAD Assay - An Ex-situ Skin Scarring Assay
07:40

Visualizing Scar Development Using SCAD Assay - An Ex-situ Skin Scarring Assay

Published on: April 28, 2022

Radial scar-significant diagnostic challenge.

Zsófia Egyed1, Zoltán Péntek, Balázs Járay

  • 1Mamma Breast Health Corporation, Kapás u. 29, Budapest, H-1023, Hungary. egyed.zsofia@axelero.hu

Pathology Oncology Research : POR
|April 15, 2008
PubMed
Summary

Differentiating radial scars (RS) from breast cancer is crucial. Ultrasonography and cytology are more effective than mammography for distinguishing benign RS from malignant lesions, especially when fine-needle aspiration biopsy is ultrasound-guided.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Radial scars (RS) are found in 0.04% of asymptomatic women during breast cancer screening.
  • Distinguishing RS from malignant lesions, such as small stellate carcinomas, is challenging due to similar radiomorphology.
  • Concomitant malignancies occur in 20-30% of patients with RS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of diagnostic methods in differentiating radial scars from malignancies.
  • To compare mammography, physical examination, ultrasonography, and cytology in diagnosing RS and associated cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Mammography diagnosed 61 cases of RS.
  • Surgical excision was performed on 44 patients; histology confirmed benign or malignant lesions.
  • Follow-up confirmed benign nature in 11 cases.
  • Diagnostic results (mammography, physical exam, ultrasonography, cytology) were evaluated using BI-RADS scale and compared between benign (39) and malignant (16) cases.

Main Results:

  • Mammography mean score was 3.49, ultrasonography 3.06, cytology 2.47, and physical examination 1.67.
  • No significant difference in mammographic results or parenchymal density between benign and malignant groups.
  • Significant differences observed in ultrasonographic (p=0.0176) and cytological (p<0.0001) results between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Mammography detects non-palpable lesions suggestive of RS.
  • Ultrasonography and cytology, particularly with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), are more effective in differentiating benign RS from malignancy.
  • This comprehensive approach clarifies the nature of suspicious lesions before surgical biopsy.