Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Dose Response Curve: Conventional Versus Nonmonotonic

Dose Response Curve: Conventional Versus Nonmonotonic

The correlation between a drug's dosage and its impact on a biological system is a cornerstone of pharmacology and toxicology. Conventional dose–response curves, which include graded and quantal relationships, are key to this understanding. Graded dose–response curves depict the spectrum of a biological reaction to different doses within an individual, indicating that as the drug dosage increases, so does the intensity of the response. On the other hand, quantal dose–response relationships...

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy

The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it produces...

Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose

Rational Dosage Regimen: Maintenance Dose and Loading Dose

A rational dosage regimen considers a drug's pharmacokinetics, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination from the body. By understanding these factors, the appropriate dosage can be determined, and the dosing schedule can be designed to achieve and maintain the desired therapeutic effect while minimizing adverse effects.
In most cases, drugs are administered repetitively or infused continuously to maintain a steady-state concentration in the body. At a steady state,...

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...

Dose-Response Relationship: Overview

Dose-Response Relationship: Overview

Agonists can bind with and activate receptors, resulting in the formation of drug-receptor complexes. Once formed, these complexes catalyze many biochemical processes at the cellular level and subsequently induce a pharmacologic response. The degree of response is directly proportional to the fraction of activated receptors, which in turn, depends on the concentration of the drug at the receptor site as well as the sensitivity of the receptor. An increase in the administered dose contributes to...

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

Dosage Regimens: Designs and Approaches

Designing a dosage regimen, which refers to the manner of drug administration, is a complex process involving the selection of drug dose, route, and frequency. This process is underpinned by pharmacokinetic parameters derived from tests and population averages. These parameters are then tailored to patient-specific variables such as diagnosis, demographics, and allergy status. Once therapy commences, therapeutic response monitoring is critical and achieved through clinical and physical...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Traceable dosimetry for MeV ion beams.

Journal of instrumentation : an IOP and SISSA journal·2022

Same author

Proton Irradiation Platforms for Preclinical Studies of High-Dose-Rate (FLASH) Effects at RARAF.

Radiation research·2020

Same author

LET dependent response of GafChromic films investigated with MeV ion beams.

Physics in medicine and biology·2018

Same author

A Horizontal Multi-Purpose Microbeam System.

Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment·2018

Same author

Mathematical modelling of scanner-specific bowtie filters for Monte Carlo CT dosimetry.

Physics in medicine and biology·2017

Same author

THE DECADE OF THE RABiT (2005-15).

Radiation protection dosimetry·2016

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

Effective dose: a flawed concept that could and should be replaced.

¹Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. djb3@columbia.edu

The British Journal of Radiology

|April 30, 2008

Summary

The current effective dose metric has scientific limitations and is prone to misuse. A proposed "effective risk" quantity offers a more defensible, interpretable, and potentially personalized alternative for radiation risk assessment.

More Related Videos

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2026

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Positron Emission Tomography-based Dose Painting Radiation Therapy in a Glioblastoma Rat Model using the Small Animal Radiation Research Platform

Published on: March 24, 2022

Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Protection
Radiological Sciences

Background:

Effective dose is a metric used to compare radiation exposure risks from different imaging techniques.
It is calculated using tissue-specific weighting factors, balancing risks like carcinogenesis and life shortening.
Current effective dose calculations have limitations due to subjective weighting factors and lack of age dependency consideration.

Purpose of the Study:

To critically evaluate the scientific validity and practical limitations of the effective dose.
To propose a new metric, "effective risk," to address the shortcomings of effective dose.
To enhance the accuracy and interpretability of radiation risk assessment.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the scientific basis and common misuses of effective dose.
Development of the conceptual framework for "effective risk" as a replacement quantity.
Comparison of the proposed "effective risk" with the existing "effective dose" metric.

Main Results:

Identified subjective weighting factors and ignored age dependencies as key flaws in effective dose.
Proposed "effective risk" uses tissue-specific lifetime cancer risks as weighting factors.
"Effective risk" offers potential for age- and gender-specific calculations and reduced misuse.

Conclusions:

Effective dose is scientifically questionable and prone to misuse.
"Effective risk" provides a more robust, interpretable, and defensible alternative for radiation risk comparison.
The proposed "effective risk" metric can improve radiation protection practices.